考纲新研读
考查的重点是介词+关系代词which,whom引导的定语从句;非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句
句子作定语,由关系代词和关系副词引导,被修饰部
分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中
作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物:
who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?
the finger (that) i put into my mouth was not the one
(that) i
had dipped into the cup.
which,指物:
a chemical’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.(作主语)
the film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语)
who, whom, whose,指人,分别做主语、宾语和定语:
the man who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.
who’s the man (whom) you just talked to?
this is the room whose window faces south.
介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前,也可在后;在后时可用who, that,也可省略:
this is the room in which we lived last year.
= this is the room
(which/that) we lived in last year.
who’s the man with whom you just shook hands?= who’s the
man (who/whom/that) you just shook hands with?
但是固定搭配,介词不能提前:
is this the book which she was looking for?
(2)关系副词:when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点
和原因状语。
when,指时间:
i still remember the day when (on which) i first came to beijing.
比较:i still remember the day that i spent in beijing.
where,指地点:
this is the house where (in which) i lived two years ago.
比较:this is the house that i bought two years ago.
why,指原因:在“reason”后:
the reason why he was late is that the car broke down on the way.
比较:the reason that he gave us is not reasonable.