900字范文 > Python GUI界面编程初步 03 - Tkinter基础设计案例

Python GUI界面编程初步 03 - Tkinter基础设计案例

时间：2020-06-25 21:42:58

1 设计：

We'll create a simple GUI tool to convert a distance in feet to the equivalent distance in meters. If we were to sketch this out, it might look something like this:

做一个长度的转化小程序UI,公制和英制进行转化。

设计这个，可以划分为三行三列的样子。

The next thing we need to do is look at the layout. The widgets that we've included seem to be naturally divided into a grid with three columns and three rows. In terms of layout, things seem to naturally divide into three columns and three rows, as illustrated below:

The layout of our user interface, which follows a 3 x 3 grid.

基础的顺序设定代码

from tkinter import *from tkinter import ttkdef calculate(*args):try:value = float(feet.get())meters.set(int(0.3048 * value * 10000.0 + 0.5)/10000.0)except ValueError:passroot = Tk() #设置主程序窗口root.title("Feet to Meters") #设置窗口标题mainframe = ttk.Frame(root, padding="3 3 12 12") #创建一个frame部件，3行3列，12宽mainframe.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=(N, W, E, S))root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)feet = StringVar() #创建一个输入框部件，并放置到屏幕上feet_entry = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=7, textvariable=feet) # mainframe 是parent，就是部件要放的地方feet_entry.grid(column=2, row=1, sticky=(W, E))#放置一个网格，并决定放置位置meters = StringVar()ttk.Label(mainframe, textvariable=meters).grid(column=2, row=2, sticky=(W, E))ttk.Button(mainframe, text="Calculate", command=calculate).grid(column=3, row=3, sticky=W)ttk.Label(mainframe, text="feet").grid(column=3, row=1, sticky=W)ttk.Label(mainframe, text="is equivalent to").grid(column=1, row=2, sticky=E)ttk.Label(mainframe, text="meters").grid(column=3, row=2, sticky=W)for child in mainframe.winfo_children(): child.grid_configure(padx=5, pady=5) #调整版本间隙feet_entry.focus() #焦点放在entry 输入框root.bind("<Return>", calculate) #回车键开始计算root.mainloop() # 开始事件监听

将Main封装的代码：

from tkinter import *from tkinter import ttkclass FeetToMeters:def __init__(self, root):root.title("Feet to Meters")mainframe = ttk.Frame(root, padding="3 3 12 12")mainframe.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=(N, W, E, S))root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)self.feet = StringVar()feet_entry = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=7, textvariable=self.feet)feet_entry.grid(column=2, row=1, sticky=(W, E))self.meters = StringVar()ttk.Label(mainframe, textvariable=self.meters).grid(column=2, row=2, sticky=(W, E))ttk.Button(mainframe, text="Calculate", command=self.calculate).grid(column=3, row=3, sticky=W)ttk.Label(mainframe, text="feet").grid(column=3, row=1, sticky=W)ttk.Label(mainframe, text="is equivalent to").grid(column=1, row=2, sticky=E)ttk.Label(mainframe, text="meters").grid(column=3, row=2, sticky=W)for child in mainframe.winfo_children(): child.grid_configure(padx=5, pady=5)feet_entry.focus()root.bind("<Return>", self.calculate)def calculate(self, *args):try:value = float(self.feet.get())self.meters.set(int(0.3048 * value * 10000.0 + 0.5)/10000.0)except ValueError:passroot = Tk()FeetToMeters(root)root.mainloop()

程序说明：