系统
uname -a # 查看内核/操作系统/CPU信息head -n 1 /etc/issue #查看操作系统版本cat /proc/cpuinfo #查看CPU信息hostname #查看计算机名lspci -tv #列出所有PCI设备lsusb -tv #列出所有USB设备lsmod #列出加载的内核模块env # 查看环境变量
资源
free -m #查看内存使用量和交换区使用量df -h #查看各分区使用情况du -sh #查看指定目录的大小grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo #查看内存总量grep MemFree /proc/meminfo #查看空闲内存量uptime #查看系统运行时间、用户数、负载cat /proc/loadavg # 查看系统负载
磁盘和分区
mount | column -t #查看挂接的分区状态fdisk -l #查看所有分区swapon -s #查看所有交换分区hdparm -i /dev/hda # 查看磁盘参数(仅适用于IDE设备)
dmesg | grep IDE # 查看启动时IDE设备检测状况
网络
ifconfig #查看所有网络接口的属性iptables -L #查看防火墙设置route -n #查看路由表netstat -lntp #查看所有监听端口netstat -antp #查看所有已经建立的连接netstat -s # 查看网络统计信息
进程
ps -ef #查看所有进程top # 实时显示进程状态
用户
w #查看活动用户id #查看指定用户信息last #查看用户登录日志cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd #查看系统所有用户cut -d: -f1 /etc/group #查看系统所有组crontab -l # 查看当前用户的计划任务
服务
chkconfig --list #列出所有系统服务chkconfig --list | grep on # 列出所有启动的系统服务
程序
rpm -qa # 查看所有安装的软件包
查看网卡型号
lspci | grep Ethernet
00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82567V-2 Gigabit Network Connection
查看硬盘信息(查看硬盘型号和硬盘序列号):
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5 2.0G 272M 1.6G 15% /
/dev/sda8 199G 188M 189G 1% /home/dev/sda3 9.7G 1.3G 7.9G 15% /usr/dev/sda2 9.7G 198M 9.0G 3% /var/dev/sda1 99M 17M 77M 18% /boot
hdparm -i /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
Model=SAMSUNG HE253GJ , FwRev=1AJ30001, SerialNo=S2B5J90ZC12060
Config={ Fixed }
RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=16384kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=?16?
CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=268435455IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
PIO modes: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2
AdvancedPM=yes: disabled (255) WriteCache=enabled
Drive conforms to: unknown: ATA/ATAPI-0 ATA/ATAPI-1 ATA/ATAPI-2 ATA/ATAPI-3 ATA/ATAPI-4 ATA/ATAPI-5 ATA/ATAPI-6 ATA/ATAPI-7* signifies the current activemode
dmesg | grep ATA
ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf190 ctl 0xf180 bmdma 0xf150 irq 185ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf170 ctl 0xf160 bmdma 0xf158 irq 185ata1: SATA link up3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)ata1.00: ATA-8: SAMSUNG HE253GJ, 1AJ30001, max UDMA/133ata2: SATA link down(SStatus 0 SControl 300)Vendor: ATA Model: SAMSUNG HE253GJ Rev: 1AJ3
ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf130 ctl 0xf120 bmdma 0xf0f0 irq 185ata4: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf110 ctl 0xf100 bmdma 0xf0f8 irq 185ata3: SATA link down(SStatus 0 SControl 300)ata4: SATA link down(SStatus 0 SControl 300)ata5: PATA max UDMA/100 cmd 0xe040 ctl 0xe030 bmdma 0xe000 irq 177
查看主板型号:
dmidecode | more
# dmidecode 2.10SMBIOS2.4 present.
57 structures occupying 2318 bytes.Table at0x000E84B0.Handle0x0000, DMI type 0, 24bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: Intel Corp.Version: GTG4310H.86A.0019..0625.1334ReleaseDate: 06/25/
.....System Information 服务器品牌
Manufacturer:
Product Name: (没有信息表示非品牌或未识别)
Version:
Serial Number:
UUID: 889BD67E-8D96-11DE-AC40-0013D4D9C9E8
Wake-upType: Power Switch
SKU Number:NotSpecified
Family:NotSpecified
Handle0x0002, DMI type 2, 15bytes
Base Board Information 主板型号/主板信息
Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
Product Name: DG43GT
Version: AAE62768-300Serial Number: BTGT9340022N
Processor Information CPU信息/CPU型号/CPU主频
Socket Designation: PROCESSORType: Central Processor
Family: Pentium D
Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corp.ID: 7A06 01 00FF FB EB BF
Signature:Type 0, Family 6, Model 23, Stepping 10Version: Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU E6500 @ 2.93GHz
Voltage:1.2V
External Clock:266MHz
Max Speed:4000MHz
Current Speed:2931MHz
Status: Populated,Enabled
Upgrade: Socket LGA775CacheInformation 硬件和CPU缓存情况
Socket Designation: L1-CacheConfiguration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1OperationalMode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size:32kB
Maximum Size:32kB
BIOS Language Information BIOS语言
Installable Languages:1en|US|iso8859-1Currently Installed Language: en|US|iso8859-1Physical Memory Array 主板最大支持内存
Location: System Board Or MotherboardUse: System Memory
Error CorrectionType: None
Maximum Capacity:16GB
Error Information Handle:NotProvided
Number Of Devices:4Handle0x002C, DMI type 19, 15bytes
Memory Array Mapped Address 目前的内存
Starting Address:0x00000000000Ending Address:0x000FFFFFFFFRange Size:4GB
Physical Array Handle:0x002BPartition Width:0
On Board DeviceInformation 显卡型号Type: Video
Status: Enabled
Description: Intelr GMA X4500 VideoDevice
参考: