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nginx rewrite 参数和例子+常用Rewrite伪静态法则

时间:2019-07-29 02:33:53

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nginx rewrite 参数和例子+常用Rewrite伪静态法则

正则表达式匹配,其中:

* ~ 为区分大小写匹配* ~* 为不区分大小写匹配* !~和!~*分别为区分大小写不匹配及不区分大小写不匹配

文件及目录匹配,其中:

* -f和!-f用来判断是否存在文件* -d和!-d用来判断是否存在目录* -e和!-e用来判断是否存在文件或目录* -x和!-x用来判断文件是否可执行

flag标记有:

* last 相当于Apache里的[L]标记,表示完成rewrite* break 终止匹配, 不再匹配后面的规则* redirect 返回302临时重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址* permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址

一些可用的全局变量有,可以用做条件判断(待补全)

$args$content_length$content_type$document_root$document_uri$host$http_user_agent$http_cookie$limit_rate$request_body_file$request_method$remote_addr$remote_port$remote_user$request_filename$request_uri$query_string$scheme$server_protocol$server_addr$server_name$server_port$uri

结合QeePHP的例子

if (!-d $request_filename) {rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last;rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last;break;

多目录转成参数

/sort/2 => /index.php?act=sort&name=abc&id=2

if ($host ~* (.*)/.domain/.com) {set $sub_name $1; rewrite ^/sort//(/d+)//?$ /index.php?act=sort&cid=$sub_name&id=$1 last;}

目录对换

/123456/xxxx -> /xxxx?id=123456

rewrite ^/(/d+)/(.+)/ /$2?id=$1 last;

例如下面设定nginx在用户使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目录下:

if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break;}

目录自动加“/”

if (-d $request_filename){rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;}

禁止htaccess

location ~//.ht {deny all; }

禁止多个目录

location ~ ^/(cron|templates)/ {deny all;break; }

禁止以/data开头的文件

可以禁止/data/下多级目录下.log.txt等请求;

location ~ ^/data {deny all; }

禁止单个目录

不能禁止.log.txt能请求

location /searchword/cron/ {deny all; }

禁止单个文件

location ~ /data/sql/data.sql {deny all; }

给favicon.ico和robots.txt设置过期时间;

这里为favicon.ico为99天,robots.txt为7天并不记录404错误日志

location ~(favicon.ico) {log_not_found off;expires 99d;break; } location ~(robots.txt) {log_not_found off;expires 7d;break; }

设定某个文件的过期时间;这里为600秒,并不记录访问日志

location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js {access_log off; root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;expires 600;break; }

文件反盗链并设置过期时间

这里的return 412 为自定义的http状态码,默认为403,方便找出正确的盗链的请求

“rewrite ^/ /leech.gif;”显示一张防盗链图片

“access_log off;”不记录访问日志,减轻压力

“expires 3d”所有文件3天的浏览器缓存

location ~* ^.+/.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ {valid_referers none blocked *. *. localhost 208.97.167.194;if ($invalid_referer) {rewrite ^/ /leech.gif; return 412; break;} access_log off; root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;expires 3d;break; }

只充许固定ip访问网站,并加上密码

root /opt/htdocs/www;allow 208.97.167.194;allow 222.33.1.2;allow 231.152.49.4;deny all;auth_basic "C1G_ADMIN";auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;

将多级目录下的文件转成一个文件,增强seo效果

/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.html

rewrite ^/job-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;

将根目录下某个文件夹指向2级目录

如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/

如果你将last改成permanent,那么浏览器地址栏显是/location/shanghai/

rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

上面例子有个问题是访问/shanghai 时将不会匹配

rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /area/$1/ last;rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

这样/shanghai 也可以访问了,但页面中的相对链接无法使用,

如./list_1.html真实地址是/area/shanghia/list_1.html会变成/list_1.html,导至无法访问。

那我加上自动跳转也是不行咯

(-d $request_filename)它有个条件是必需为真实目录,而我的rewrite不是的,所以没有效果

if (-d $request_filename){rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;}

知道原因后就好办了,让我手动跳转吧

rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

文件和目录不存在的时候重定向:

if (!-e $request_filename) {proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;}

域名跳转

server {listen 80;server_name ;index index.html index.htm index.php;root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;rewrite ^/ /;access_log off; }

多域名转向

server_name ;index index.html index.htm index.php;root /opt/lampp/htdocs;if ($host ~ "c1gstudio/.net") {rewrite ^(.*) $1 permanent;}

三级域名跳转

if ($http_host ~* "^(.*)/.i/.c1gstudio/.com$") {rewrite ^(.*) $1;break;}

域名镜向

server {listen 80;server_name ;index index.html index.htm index.php;root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;rewrite ^/(.*) /$1 last;access_log off; }

某个子目录作镜向

location ^~ /zhaopinhui {rewrite ^.+ / last; break; }

discuz ucenter home (uchome) rewrite

rewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)/.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last;rewrite ^/(space|network)/.html$ /$1.php last;rewrite ^/([0-9]+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last;

discuz 7 rewrite

rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[/w/-]+/.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page/%3D$4&page=$3 last;rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)/.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;

给discuz某版块单独配置域名

server_name ; location = / {if ($http_host ~ news/.$) {rewrite ^.+ /forum-831-1.html last; break;} }

discuz ucenter 头像 rewrite 优化

location ^~ /ucenter {location ~ .*/.php?$ {#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; } location /ucenter/data/avatar {log_not_found off;access_log off;location ~ /(.*)_big/.jpg$ {error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif;}location ~ /(.*)_middle/.jpg$ {error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif;}location ~ /(.*)_small/.jpg$ {error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif;}expires 300;break; } }

jspace rewrite

location ~ .*/.php?${#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; }location ~* ^/index.php/{rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf;}

信赖此刻大部门用Linux VPS的伴侣都在利用这个敏捷传布的Nginx,本日就清算一下最常见的PHP法式的Rewrite(伪静态法则)。

Wordpress:

location / {

index index.html index.php;

if (-f $request_filename/index.html){

rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;

}

if (-f $request_filename/index.php){

rewrite (.*) $1/index.php;

}

if (!-f $request_filename){

rewrite (.*) /index.php;

}

}

PHPCMS:

location / {

###以下为PHPCMS 伪静态化rewrite法则

rewrite ^(.*)show-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/show.php?itemid=$2&page=$3;

rewrite ^(.*)list-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/list.php?catid=$2&page=$3;

rewrite ^(.*)show-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/show.php?specialid=$2;

####以下为PHPWind 伪静态化rewrite法则

rewrite ^(.*)-htm-(.*)$ $1.php?$2 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/simple/([a-z0-9\_]+\.html)$ $1/simple/index.php?$2 last;

}

ECSHOP:

if (!-e $request_filename)

{

rewrite "^/index\.html" /index.php last;

rewrite "^/category$" /index.php last;

rewrite "^/feed-c([0-9]+)\.xml$” /feed.php?cat=$1 last;

rewrite “^/feed-b([0-9]+)\.xml$” /feed.php?brand=$1 last;

rewrite “^/feed\.xml$” /feed.php last;

rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-attr([^-]*)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5&page=$6&sort=$7&order=$8 last;

rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-attr([^-]*)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5 last;

rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last;

rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3 last;

rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2 last;

rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/goods-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html” /goods.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/article_cat-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*)\.html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last;

rewrite “^/article_cat-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite “^/article_cat-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/article-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /article.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)\.html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last;

rewrite “^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3 last;

rewrite “^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)(.*)\.html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2 last;

rewrite “^/brand-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html” /brand.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/tag-(.*)\.html” /search.php?keywords=$1 last;

rewrite “^/snatch-([0-9]+)\.html$” /snatch.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/group_buy-([0-9]+)\.html$” /group_buy.php?act=view&id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/auction-([0-9]+)\.html$” /auction.php?act=view&id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/exchange-id([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?id=$1&act=view last;

rewrite “^/exchange-([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&integral_min=$2&integral_max=$3&page=$4&sort=$5&order=$6 last;

rewrite ^/exchange-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last;

rewrite “^/exchange-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite “^/exchange-([0-9]+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1 last;

}

SHOPEX:

location / {

if (!-e $request_filename) {

rewrite ^/(.+\.(html|xml|json|htm|php|jsp|asp|shtml))$ /index.php?$1 last;

}

}

SaBlog 2.0:

# 只带月份的归档

rewrite "^/date/([0-9]{6})/?([0-9]+)?/?$" /index.php?action=article&setdate=$1&page=$2 last;

# 无分类翻页

rewrite ^/page/([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&page=$1 last;

# 分类

rewrite ^/category/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&cid=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite ^/category/([^/]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&curl=$1&page=$2 last;

# 归档、高级搜刮

rewrite ^/(archives|search|article|links)/?$ /index.php?action=$1 last;

# 全数批评、标签列表、引用列表 带分页

rewrite ^/(comments|tagslist|trackbacks|article)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?action=$1&page=$2 last;

# tags

rewrite ^/tag/([^/]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&item=$1&page=$2 last;

# 文章

rewrite ^/archives/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?action=show&id=$1&page=$2 last;

# RSS rewrite ^/rss/([0-9]+)?/?$ /rss.php?cid=$1 last;

rewrite ^/rss/([^/]+)/?$ /rss.php?url=$1 last;

# 用户 rewrite ^/uid/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&uid=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite ^/user/([^/]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&user=$1&page=$2 last;

# 舆图文件

rewrite sitemap.xml sitemap.php last;

# 自界说链接

rewrite ^(.*)/([0-9a-zA-Z\-\_]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ $1/index.php?action=show&alias=$2&page=$3 last;

Discuz 7:

rewrite ^/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ /archiver/index.php?$1 last;

rewrite ^/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /forumdisplay.php?fid=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite ^/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /viewthread.php?tid=$1&extra=page\%3D$3&page=$2 last;

rewrite ^/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ /space.php?$1=$2 last;

rewrite ^/tag-(.+)\.html$ /tag.php?name=$1 last;

Typecho:

location / {

index index.html index.php;

if (-f $request_filename/index.html){

rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;

}

if (-f $request_filename/index.php){

rewrite (.*) $1/index.php;

}

if (!-f $request_filename){

rewrite (.*) /index.php;

}

}

4.8.5 shopex启用伪静态

……

location /

{

if (!-e $request_filename) {

rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?$1 last;

}

}

……

1.启用伪静态

……

##begin add by guozhenbin 0727 (use Pseudo-static)

location /

{

if (!-e $request_filename) {

rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?$1 last;

}

}

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