900字范文 > 全新安装Mac OSX 开发者环境同时使用homebrew搭建 PHP Nginx MySQL Redis

全新安装Mac OSX 开发者环境同时使用homebrew搭建 PHP Nginx MySQL Redis

时间：2023-03-13 22:02:46

文章来源：/a/1190000000606752

OS X Mavericks

重新安装系统，在苹果商店下载好OS X Mavericks安装文件，然后准备一支16G的USB3.0 U盘。制作OS X Mavericks 全新安装启动U盘。

插上U盘，在终端执行：sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/untitled --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app --nointeraction

untitled是你的u盘盘符，根据实际情况来。

Erasing Disk: 0%… 10%… 20%… 30%…100%…>Copying installer files to disk…Copy complete.Making disk bootable…Copying boot files…>Copy complete.>Done.

看到上面的信息说明启动盘制作成功。安装起来so easy ：）

安装完成系统之后，暂时还没有去迁移文件，由于本人喜好摄影，有大量RAW格式的原图在Aperture 的照片库中，尼康D800一张RAW文件有40M左右，到时候迁移照片库和照片流希望不要掉坑里了。等开发环境搞定再说了，更新OS X系统到10.9.4 ，然后安装最新的Xcode，以及在商店买过的软件。确定系统无问题了，进入下一步...

Brew

Brew 是 Mac 下面的包管理工具，通过 Github 托管适合 Mac 的编译配置以及 Patch，可以方便的安装开发工具。 Mac 自带ruby 所以安装起来很方便，同时它也会自动把git也给你装上。官方网站：http://brew.sh。

安装完成之后，建议执行一下自检，brew doctor如果看到Your system is ready to brew.那么你的brew已经可以开始使用了。

安装：

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL /mxcl/homebrew/go/install)"

自检：

brew doctor

常用命令：（所有软件以PHP5.5为例子）

brew update #更新brew可安装包，建议每次执行一下brew search php55 #搜索php5.5brew tap josegonzalez/php#安装扩展<gihhub_user/repo> brew tap #查看安装的扩展列表brew install php55 #安装php5.5brew remove php55 #卸载php5.5brew upgrade php55 #升级php5.5brew options php55 #查看php5.5安装选项brew info php55 #查看php5.5相关信息brew home php55 #访问php5.5官方网站brew services list #查看系统通过 brew 安装的服务brew services cleanup #清除已卸载无用的启动配置文件brew services restart php55 #重启php-fpm

注意：brew services 相关命令最好别经常用了，提示会被移除

➜ ~ brew services restart php55Warning: brew services is unsupported and will be removed soon.You should use launchctl instead.Please feel free volunteer to support it in a tap.Stopping `php55`... (might take a while)==> Successfully stopped `php55` (label: homebrew.mxcl.php55)==> Successfully started `php55` (label: homebrew.mxcl.php55)

Oh My Zsh

ohmyzsh & iTerm2两个神器，在Mac os x下是一定要装的. 两组配合起来使用，加上插件。简直是神一样的存在。秒杀梅西，内马尔啊：）Oh 猛戳到官网

安装 oh my zsh

curl -L http://install.ohmyz.sh | sh

设置默认shell

查看系统支持的shell列表，Mac 10.9.4 自带了 zsh 5.0.2，Linux上得安装。

cat /etc/shells# List of acceptable shells for chpass(1).# Ftpd will not allow users to connect who are not using# one of these shells./bin/bash/bin/csh/bin/ksh/bin/sh/bin/tcsh/bin/zshzsh --versionzsh 5.0.2 (x86_64-apple-darwin13.0)chsh -s /bin/zsh

虽然Mac自带了zsh，如果你想要最新版的zsh，那么你用brew install zsh安装一个最新的吧。/usr/local/bin/zsh --version zsh 5.0.5 (x86_64-apple-darwin13.3.0)区别也不会很大，默认的版本已经很新了。

homebrew-cask

安装cask：

brew tap phinze/homebrew-cask && brew install brew-cask

cask常用命令：

brew cask search #列出所有可以被安装的软件brew cask search php #查找所有和php相关的应用brew cask list#列出所有通过cask安装的软件brew cask info phpstorm #查看 phpstorm 的信息brew cask uninstall qq #卸载 QQ

这里谈谈cask对比Mac App Store的优势：

对常用软件支持更全面（特别是开发者），cask里面会给你一些惊喜；软件更新速度快，一般都是最新版本 Store上很久很久才会更新版本；命令安装感觉比打开Store方便，另外Store在国内的速度也是XXOO。

iTerm2

安装iTerm2：

brew cask install iterm2

上面提过的神器组合，更多使用方法请参考iTerm2官方文档，这里就不详细说明了。

安装开发常用的包&软件

安装开发包

brew install wget watch tmux cmake openssl imagemagick graphicsmagick gearman geoip readline autoconf multitail source-highlight autojump zsh-completions sshfs

升级一下系统自带的vim

brew install ctags macvim --env-std --override-system-vim

安装常用软件

brew cask install alfred appcleaner firefox google-chrome phpstorm sublime-text sequel-pro sketch mplayerx thunder qq

Alfred 是个很不错的东西，推荐必须安装。它默认搜索目录不包含brew cask安装的软件，因此手动将/opt/homebrew-cask添加到Alfred的搜索目录

MySQL PHP Nginx Redis Memcache

前面做了这么多的准备工作，其实 zsh iTerm2 brew 等等这些由于篇幅以及能力有限，一时半会也讲不完，更多选择，更多欢乐，就在Google search，现在才入正题。come on ：）

安装MySQL

brew install mysql

MySQL开机启动：

ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/mysql/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgentslaunchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mysql.plist

安装完成之后开启MySQL安全机制：

/usr/local/opt/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

根据终端提示，输入root密码，然后依次确认一些安全选项。具体信息可以参考外国友人的这篇文章

#查看一下MySQL运行情况➜ ~ ps aux | grep mysqlcalvin 1695 0.0 0.5 2719864 90908 ?? S1:38上午 0:00.31 /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.6.19/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.6.19 --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.6.19/lib/plugin --bind-address=127.0.0.1 --log-error=/usr/local/var/mysql/CalvinsMacBook-Pro.local.err --pid-file=/usr/local/var/mysql/CalvinsMacBook-Pro.local.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306calvin 1323 0.0 0.0 2444628 1020 ?? S1:38上午 0:00.04 /bin/sh /usr/local/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --bind-address=127.0.0.1 --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql#测试连接MySQLmysql -uroot -pWelcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 23Server version: 5.6.19-log HomebrewCopyright (c) 2000, , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>

安装phpmyadmin

brew install phpmyadmin

安装PHP

添加brew的PHP扩展库：

brew updatebrew tap homebrew/dupesbrew tap josegonzalez/homebrew-php

可以使用brew options php55命令来查看安装php5.5的选项，这里我用下面的选项安装：

brew install php55 --with-fpm --with-gmp --with-imap --with-tidy --with-debug --with-mysql --with-libmysql

PHP编译过程中如果遇到configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>错误，执行xcode-select --install重新安装一下Xcode Command Line Tools在GitHub HomeBrew上有关于这个讨论:
For future reference of anybody looking for Command Line Tools with Xcode 5, open up a Terminal window and type xcode-select --install. A window will appear informing you command line tools are required. Click Install and you should be good to go

等待PHP编译完成，开始安装PHP常用扩展，扩展安装过程中brew会自动安装依赖包，例如php55-pdo-pgsql会自动装上postgresql,这里我安装以下PHP扩展：

brew install php55-apcu\php55-gearman\php55-geoip\php55-gmagick\php55-imagick\php55-intl\php55-mcrypt\php55-memcache\php55-memcached\php55-mongo\php55-opcache\php55-pdo-pgsql\php55-phalcon\php55-redis\php55-sphinx\php55-swoole\php55-uuid\php55-xdebug;

扩展里面提一下php55-phalcon和php55-swoole. 一个是C语言写的PHP框架，安装来个人摸索熟悉一下，还没有真正的使用过，大致看了一下文档，感觉非常吊炸天。目前公司的项目是基于Yii2的，也看看这个框架。另外一个swoole是国产的PHP高性能网络通信框架，貌似不错，可能在项目中会考虑用到它。

由于Mac自带了php和php-fpm，因此需要添加系统环境变量PATH来替代自带PHP版本。

echo 'export PATH="$(brew --prefix php55)/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile #for phpecho 'export PATH="$(brew --prefix php55)/sbin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile #for php-fpmecho 'export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbib:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile #for other brew install softsource ~/.bash_profile

测试一下效果：

#brew安装的php 他在/usr/local/opt/php55/bin/phpphp -v PHP 5.5.14 (cli) (built: Jul 16 15:43:06) (DEBUG)Copyright (c) 1997- The PHP GroupZend Engine v2.5.0, Copyright (c) 1998- Zend Technologieswith Zend OPcache v7.0.3, Copyright (c) 1999-, by Zend Technologieswith Xdebug v2.2.5, Copyright (c) 2002-, by Derick Rethans #Mac自带的PHP/usr/bin/php -v PHP 5.4.24 (cli) (built: Jan 19 21:32:15) Copyright (c) 1997- The PHP GroupZend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998- Zend Technologies#brew安装的php-fpm 他在/usr/local/opt/php55/sbin/php-fpmphp-fpm -vPHP 5.5.14 (fpm-fcgi) (built: Jul 16 15:43:12) (DEBUG)Copyright (c) 1997- The PHP GroupZend Engine v2.5.0, Copyright (c) 1998- Zend Technologieswith Zend OPcache v7.0.3, Copyright (c) 1999-, by Zend Technologieswith Xdebug v2.2.5, Copyright (c) 2002-, by Derick Rethans#Mac自带的php-fpm/usr/sbin/php-fpm -vPHP 5.4.24 (fpm-fcgi) (built: Jan 19 21:32:57)Copyright (c) 1997- The PHP GroupZend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998- Zend Technologies

修改php-fpm配置文件，vim /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php-fpm.conf，找到pid相关大概在25行，去掉注释pid = run/php-fpm.pid, 那么php-fpm的pid文件就会自动产生在/usr/local/var/run/php-fpm.pid，下面要安装的Nginx pid文件也放在这里。

#测试php-fpm配置php-fpm -tphp-fpm -c /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php.ini -y /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php-fpm.conf -t#启动php-fpmphp-fpm -Dphp-fpm -c /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php.ini -y /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php-fpm.conf -D#关闭php-fpmkill -INT `cat /usr/local/var/run/php-fpm.pid`#重启php-fpmkill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/var/run/php-fpm.pid`#也可以用上文提到的brew命令来重启php-fpm，不过他官方不推荐用这个命令了brew services restart php55#还可以用这个命令来启动php-fpmlaunchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist

启动php-fpm之后，确保它正常运行监听9000端口：

lsof -Pni4 | grep LISTEN | grep phpphp-fpm 30907 calvin 9u IPv4 0xf11f9e8e8033a2a70t0 TCP 127.0.0.1:9000 (LISTEN)php-fpm 30917 calvin 0u IPv4 0xf11f9e8e8033a2a70t0 TCP 127.0.0.1:9000 (LISTEN)php-fpm 30918 calvin 0u IPv4 0xf11f9e8e8033a2a70t0 TCP 127.0.0.1:9000 (LISTEN)php-fpm 30919 calvin 0u IPv4 0xf11f9e8e8033a2a70t0 TCP 127.0.0.1:9000 (LISTEN)#正常情况，会看到上面这些进程

PHP-FPM开机启动：

ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/php55/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgentslaunchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist

安装php composer

brew install composer#检查一下情况composer --versionComposer version 1.0.0-alpha8 -01-06 18:39:59

redis memcached这些软件brew 已经自动依赖安装上，如果想开机自动启动，或者查看使用说明brew info redis即可。另外，composer的中文文档：猛戳这里

安装Nginx

brew install nginx --with-http_geoip_module

Nginx启动关闭命令：

Nginx开机启动

ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/nginx/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgentslaunchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist

Nginx监听80端口需要root权限执行，因此：

sudo chown root:wheel /usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.6.0_1/bin/nginxsudo chmod u+s /usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.6.0_1/bin/nginx

配置nginx.conf

创建需要用到的目录：

mkdir -p /usr/local/var/logs/nginxmkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-availablemkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabledmkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.dmkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/sslsudo mkdir -p /var/wwwsudo chown :staff /var/wwwsudo chmod 775 /var/www

vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf输入以下内容：

worker_processes 1;error_log /usr/local/var/logs/nginx/error.log debug;pid /usr/local/var/run/nginx.pid;events {worker_connections 256;}http {include mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ''$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ''"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';access_log /usr/local/var/logs/access.log main;sendfile on;keepalive_timeout 65;port_in_redirect off;include /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;}

设置nginx php-fpm配置文件

vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/php-fpm#proxy the php scripts to php-fpmlocation ~ \.php$ {try_files $uri = 404;fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_indexindex.php;fastcgi_intercept_errors on;include /usr/local/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;}

nginx虚拟主机准备工作

#创建 info.php index.html 404.html 403.html文件到 /var/www 下面vi /var/www/info.phpvi /var/www/index.htmlvi /var/www/403.htmlvi /var/www/404.html

创建默认虚拟主机default

vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-available/default输入：

server {listen 80;server_name localhost;root /var/www/;access_log /usr/local/var/logs/nginx/default.access.log main;location / {index index.html index.htm index.php;autoindex on;include/usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/php-fpm;}location = /info {allow 127.0.0.1;deny all;rewrite (.*) /.info.php;}error_page 404/404.html;error_page 403/403.html;}

创建ssl默认虚拟主机default-ssl

vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-available/default-ssl输入：

server {listen 443;server_name localhost;root /var/www/;access_log /usr/local/var/logs/nginx/default-ssl.access.log main;ssl on;ssl_certificatessl/localhost.crt;ssl_certificate_key ssl/localhost.key;ssl_session_timeout 5m;ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;location / {include /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/php-fpm;}location = /info {allow 127.0.0.1;deny all;rewrite (.*) /.info.php;}error_page 404/404.html;error_page 403/403.html;}

创建phpmyadmin虚拟主机

vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-available/phpmyadmin #输入以下配置server {listen 306;server_name localhost;root /usr/local/share/phpmyadmin;error_log /usr/local/var/logs/nginx/phpmyadmin.error.log;access_log /usr/local/var/logs/nginx/phpmyadmin.access.log main;ssl on;ssl_certificatessl/phpmyadmin.crt;ssl_certificate_key ssl/phpmyadmin.key;ssl_session_timeout 5m;ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;location / {index index.html index.htm index.php;include /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/php-fpm;}}

设置SSL

mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/sslopenssl req -new -newkey rsa:4096 -days 365 -nodes -x509 -subj "/C=US/ST=State/L=Town/O=Office/CN=localhost" -keyout /usr/local/etc/nginx/ssl/localhost.key -out /usr/local/etc/nginx/ssl/localhost.crtopenssl req -new -newkey rsa:4096 -days 365 -nodes -x509 -subj "/C=US/ST=State/L=Town/O=Office/CN=phpmyadmin" -keyout /usr/local/etc/nginx/ssl/phpmyadmin.key -out /usr/local/etc/nginx/ssl/phpmyadmin.crt

创建虚拟主机软连接，开启虚拟主机

ln -sfv /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-available/default /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/defaultln -sfv /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-available/default-ssl /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default-sslln -sfv /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-available/phpmyadmin /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/phpmyadmin

启动|停止Nginx

launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plistlaunchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist

接下来你可以通过下面这些连接访问：

http://localhost/-> index.html
http://localhost/info-> info.php via phpinfo();
http://localhost/404-> 404.html
https://localhost/-> index.html(SSL)
https://localhost/info-> info.php via phpinfo();(SSL)
https://localhost/404-> 404.html(SSL)
https://localhost:306-> phpmyadmin(SSL)

设置快捷服务控制命令

为了后面管理方便，将命令 alias 下，vim ~/.bash_aliases输入一下内容：

alias nginx.start='launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist'alias nginx.stop='launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist'alias nginx.restart='nginx.stop && nginx.start'alias php-fpm.start="launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist"alias php-fpm.stop="launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist"alias php-fpm.restart='php-fpm.stop && php-fpm.start'alias mysql.start="launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mysql.plist"alias mysql.stop="launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mysql.plist"alias mysql.restart='mysql.stop && mysql.start'alias redis.start="launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist"alias redis.stop="launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist"alias redis.restart='redis.stop && redis.start'alias memcached.start="launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.memcached.plist"alias memcached.stop="launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.memcached.plist"alias memcached.restart='memcached.stop && memcached.start'

#让快捷命令生效echo "[[ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]] && . ~/.bash_aliases" >> ~/.bash_profilesource ~/.bash_profile#创建站点目录到主目录，方便快捷访问ln -sfv /var/www ~/htdocs

有时间会进一步整理一下，感觉有点乱，第一次在segmentfault上码字，写到一半的时候不小心滑一下触摸板，浏览器后退了，虽然有提示不要离开，点击了不离开之后，Safari白屏。然后还特地去吐了个槽，害我白白又浪费很久来写这个博客。希望能帮助到刚刚接触Mac的同学。enjoy Mac‘s development EVN ：）
参考资料：Install Nginx, PHP-FPM, MySQL and phpMyAdmin on OS X Mavericks using Homebrew

全新安装Mac OSX 开发者环境同时使用homebrew搭建 PHP Nginx MySQL Redis Memcache ... ... (LNMP开发环境)

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