由于目前流行的Android屏幕分辨率太多，再加上UI同事设计时经常使用px单位来设计，所以导致编写Android代码时适配是一个很大的问题。
以下是本人开发过程中的适配方案 仅供参考
附：目前手机主流分辨率列表：http://screensiz.es/phone
屏幕适配一般原则
1.多用 match_parent
2.多用 weight+LinearLayout
3.动态获取屏幕分辨率及密度动态设置宽高(如下)
获取屏幕宽度 高度 单位px
private void getDisplayWidthHeight() {DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displayMetrics);int width = displayMetrics.widthPixels;int height = displayMetrics.heightPixels;}
获取屏幕分辨率 160->1 240->1.5 320->2 480->3
private void getDisplayDensity() {DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displayMetrics);float density = displayMetrics.density;}
java代码动态设置textview高度
int h=height/10;//屏幕高度的10分之一RelativeLayout.LayoutParams pa=new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, h);textview.setLayoutParams(pa);
这样显然比较麻烦。。。
4.百分比的引入 以下是效果图
Eclipse 开发工具
Android Studio 开发工具
上图说明
即在res/文件夹下建立不同的values文件夹(高X宽(大数在前))不同的values文件夹下有相同的dimens.xml文件。相同的dimens.xml文件中有相同的名称
举例
比如480*320的分辨率为基准
宽度为320，将任何分辨率的宽度分为320份，取值为x1-x320
高度为480，将任何分辨率的高度分为480份，取值为y1-y480
即
480X320(基准)
X1->1.0px; Y1->1.0px
X2->2.0px; Y2->2.0px
X3->3.0px; Y3->3.0px
...
800X480(按比例)(高800是基准高480的1.67倍，宽1.5倍)
X1->1.5px; Y1->1.67px
X2->3.0px; Y2->3.34px
X3->4.5px; Y3->5.01px
...
其他尺寸以此类推
使用时直接按照UI同事的设计图即可，比如：一个Button 宽20px 高30px
写代码时直接 x20和y30即可。
利用工具类生成各个分辨率的文件夹
工具类代码
package .imwithdemo.utils;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.PrintWriter;public class GenerateValueFiles {private int baseW;private int baseH;private String dirStr = "./res";private final static String WTemplate = "<dimen name=\"x{0}\">{1}px</dimen>\n";private final static String HTemplate = "<dimen name=\"y{0}\">{1}px</dimen>\n";/*** {0}-HEIGHT*/private final static String VALUE_TEMPLATE = "values-{0}x{1}";private static final String SUPPORT_DIMESION ="320,480;"+ "480,800;"+ "480,854;"+ "540,960;"+ "600,1024;"+ "720,1184;"+ "720,1196;"+ "720,1280;"+ "768,1024;"+ "800,1280;"+ "1080,1812;"+ "1080,1920;"+ "1440,2560;";private String supportStr = SUPPORT_DIMESION;public GenerateValueFiles(int baseX, int baseY, String supportStr) {this.baseW = baseX;this.baseH = baseY;if (!this.supportStr.contains(baseX + "," + baseY)) {this.supportStr += baseX + "," + baseY + ";";}this.supportStr += validateInput(supportStr);System.out.println(supportStr);File dir = new File(dirStr);if (!dir.exists()) {dir.mkdir();}System.out.println(dir.getAbsoluteFile());}/*** @param supportStrw,h_...w,h;* @return*/private String validateInput(String supportStr) {StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();String[] vals = supportStr.split("_");int w = -1;int h = -1;String[] wh;for (String val : vals) {try {if (val == null || val.trim().length() == 0)continue;wh = val.split(",");w = Integer.parseInt(wh[0]);h = Integer.parseInt(wh[1]);} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("skip invalidate params : w,h = " + val);continue;}sb.append(w + "," + h + ";");}return sb.toString();}public void generate() {String[] vals = supportStr.split(";");for (String val : vals) {String[] wh = val.split(",");generateXmlFile(Integer.parseInt(wh[0]), Integer.parseInt(wh[1]));}}private void generateXmlFile(int w, int h) {StringBuffer sbForWidth = new StringBuffer();sbForWidth.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");sbForWidth.append("<resources>");float cellw = w * 1.0f / baseW;System.out.println("width : " + w + "," + baseW + "," + cellw);for (int i = 1; i < baseW; i++) {sbForWidth.append(WTemplate.replace("{0}", i + "").replace("{1}",change(cellw * i) + ""));}sbForWidth.append(WTemplate.replace("{0}", baseW + "").replace("{1}",w + ""));sbForWidth.append("</resources>");StringBuffer sbForHeight = new StringBuffer();sbForHeight.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");sbForHeight.append("<resources>");float cellh = h * 1.0f / baseH;System.out.println("height : " + h + "," + baseH + "," + cellh);for (int i = 1; i < baseH; i++) {sbForHeight.append(HTemplate.replace("{0}", i + "").replace("{1}",change(cellh * i) + ""));}sbForHeight.append(HTemplate.replace("{0}", baseH + "").replace("{1}",h + ""));sbForHeight.append("</resources>");File fileDir = new File(dirStr + File.separator+ VALUE_TEMPLATE.replace("{0}", h + "")//.replace("{1}", w + ""));fileDir.mkdir();File layxFile = new File(fileDir.getAbsolutePath(), "lay_x.xml");File layyFile = new File(fileDir.getAbsolutePath(), "lay_y.xml");try {PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream(layxFile));pw.print(sbForWidth.toString());pw.close();pw = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream(layyFile));pw.print(sbForHeight.toString());pw.close();} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public static float change(float a) {int temp = (int) (a * 100);return temp / 100f;}public static void main(String[] args) {int baseW = 720;int baseH = 1280;String addition = "";try {if (args.length >= 3) {baseW = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);baseH = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);addition = args[2];} else if (args.length >= 2) {baseW = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);baseH = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);} else if (args.length >= 1) {addition = args[0];}} catch (NumberFormatException e) {System.err.println("right input params : java -jar xxx.jar width height w,h_w,h_..._w,h;");e.printStackTrace();System.exit(-1);}new GenerateValueFiles(baseW, baseH, addition).generate();}}
运行此Java代码 就可以在指定文件夹下得到相应的values文件夹
将res文件夹里的所有文件拷贝到项目中res文件夹下即可
在xml文件中使用
TextViewandroid:id="@+id/activity_main_textview"android:layout_width="@dimen/x102"android:layout_height="@dimen/y100"android:text="@string/hello_world"android:gravity="center"android:background="#FF0000" />
注意以上Java 工具类代码
1.代码
private static final String SUPPORT_DIMESION ="320,480;"+ "480,800;"+ "480,854;"+ "540,960;"+ "600,1024;"+ "720,1184;"+ "720,1196;"+ "720,1280;"+ "768,1024;"+ "800,1280;"+ "1080,1812;"+ "1080,1920;"+ "1440,2560;";
此处可以添加 你自己要适配的机型。
2.代码
public static void main(String[] args) {int baseW = 720;int baseH = 1280;String addition = "";try {if (args.length >= 3) {baseW = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);baseH = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);addition = args[2];} else if (args.length >= 2) {baseW = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);baseH = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);} else if (args.length >= 1) {addition = args[0];}} catch (NumberFormatException e) {System.err.println("right input params : java -jar xxx.jar width height w,h_w,h_..._w,h;");e.printStackTrace();System.exit(-1);}new GenerateValueFiles(baseW, baseH, addition).generate();}
此处可以设置你的标准(一般为你的UI同时切图的基准)
注意：
本人用了一款测试机（华为P7）
手机设置中查看手机的分辨率是1080X1920 可是在写
xml布局时并没有加载values-1920x1080下相应的dimen
查阅了资料才知道 有的手机实际分辨率和设置说明的分辨率是有差距的 比如我的p7 说是 1080X1920.其实代码获取的分辨率是values-1776x1080(设置中显示的分辨率可能包括虚拟的导航栏) 希望有所帮助！！！
